The library

Aerial photograph of Santos Bay, Brazil showing Santos city (approx. 500,000 inhabitants) and Santos harbor (along the river). Visual contours of the plume (arrow) from the Santos outfall, 4 km offshore, show a plume contact with the city´s most frequented beaches. The outfall discharges preliminary treated wastewater through a multiport diffuser in ten meters depth, and serves also as combined sewer overflow (courtesy of municipality of Praia Grande, Brazil)